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文法. A collective term for syntax (the way sentences are put together) and morphology (forms of words, including the way new words are put together). Often used to describe function words such as particles, to describe word endings, and to talk about general sentence structure.

3 votes

Regarding the use of が instead of は in 「いけのなかにさかな{が・は}たくさんいますか。」

Go with が. That's what you usually use with いる or ある, because it's a statement, a description ("there is something"). Using は here would be possible in a context where, for instance, you'd want to ins …
Miyase's user avatar
  • 176
2 votes
Accepted

is it wa(わ) or は after subject?

It's an exception. When は is used as a particle, it's pronounced "wa". But it's still written as は. As for を, both pronunciations "o" and "wo" exist. I heard them both in Japan, although I'm not sure …
Miyase's user avatar
  • 176
1 vote

How is the grammar working in いや、何かしないとな?

と normally means that the sentence is a conditional: if you do that, then something happens: 何かをしないと、問題がある。 It's common in Japanese to keep the first part (ending with と) and remove the second part, i …
Miyase's user avatar
  • 176