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I've got this phrase:

コンタクトすると目が乾いた感じになって、目が赤くなります。

Which means:

When I use contacts, my eyes feel dry and become red.

Pretty easy, but there's a little thing with the usage of the ~た form which I don't understand. When they say 目が乾いた感じになって, I'd rather have used 目が乾性{かんせい}な感じになって, to express the dry feeling. Would this also be correct?

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This 乾いた is perfectly fine and natural. Here, 乾いた is a relative clause that modifies 感じ, so this 乾いた is functionally more like an adjective than an adverb.

In your case, 感じ ("feeling") is not a tangible object, but the same principle applies. 乾いた感じ refers to a feeling that something has dried.

On the other hand, 乾性 sounds awfully strange in a context like this. For one thing, 乾性 is a highly stiff technical term (See: 汗をかくvs 発汗する - is there a difference?). For another, 乾性 usually refers to a type of a product, etc., not a state of something. If you want to use a kango, you can say 目が乾燥した感じになって (乾燥 is not so stiff, and usually is safe in casual conversations).

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