What are the different ways to produce nouns from other parts of speech and how are they different?

For example, 高い has these nouns produced from it:

• 高さ

• 高み

For 近い (in 連用形) :

• 近く

Also nouns can be formed by adding もの or こと to verbs in 終止形 and 連用形:

• 笑い物 (using 連用形)

• 笑い事 (using 連用形)

• 笑うこと (using 終止形)

And also from just the 連用形:

• 笑い

What is the difference in:

1. the type of nouns formed between ~さ, ~み and ~く (い-adj in 連用形).

2. between [Verb-連用形]＋もの and [Verb-連用形]+こと?

3. between [Verb-終止形]+こと　and [Verb-連用形]

What are the other ways to produce nouns that are useful to know?

Like adding 主義 for example:

• 資本(capital) turns into 資本主義(capitalism).

What are the different ways to produce nouns from other parts of speech and how are they different?

For example, 高い has these nouns produced from it:

• 高さ

• 高み

For 近い :

• 近く

Also nouns can be formed by adding もの or こと to verbs in 終止形 and 連用形:

• 笑い物 (using 連用形)

• 笑い事 (using 連用形)

• 笑うこと (using 終止形)

And also from just the 連用形:

• 笑い

What is the difference in:

1. the type of nouns formed between ~さ, ~み and ~く .

2. between [Verb-連用形]＋もの and [Verb-連用形]+こと?

3. between [Verb-終止形]+こと　and [Verb-連用形]

What are the other ways to produce nouns that are useful to know?

Like adding 主義 for example:

• 資本(capital) turns into 資本主義(capitalism).