6
What an unreasonable demand! :D But anyway...
鶏肉味の人参だと思って食べて
鶏肉の味がする人参のつもりで食べて
ふり and まね only work when someone changes their own behavior to display to others:
警官のまねをする act as if one is (mock/play) a police officer
気づかないふりをする feign that one does not notice
and not when you force yourself to feel something.
5
標識は「女性専用車」と言っている would be grammatically correct.
（標識は「女性専用車」と読んでいる is incorrect.）
I would say [車両]{しゃりょう}/[窓]{まど}/[扉]{とびら}に「女性専用車」と[書]{か}いてある, though.
eg
「標識に『止まれ』と書いてある。」
「看板に『遊泳禁止』と書いてある。」
「注意書きに『トイレットペーパー以外流さないでください』と書いてある。」
5
There are two main meanings/functions to ため.
One, which you already know, is the「目的のため」, used to express purpose (translating as "for the sake of", "for the purpose of", or "in order to").
The other is the 「原因・理由のため」, and which I assume you haven't come across, is used to express cause/reason (translating as "because of" or "owing to"). This is a ...
5
It's quite opinion-based, but I find it mildly funny (as a joke) and works as compliment too. Your specific wording 「あ、お姉さんですか」 doesn't sound weird, except I can't check your pronunciation technically. Also, I may be prejudiced but Americans are generally regarded fond of jokes, so you don't have to worry much if the specific one bombed.
4
If you want to express desire for a 2nd person to do something, you can use these phrase, Aに～してほしい or Aに～してもらいたい. So you can say あなたに戻ってきてもらいたい or あなたに戻ってきてほしい.
4
不死身 is inappropriate because it means "immortal" rather than "immune". It doesn't work even as a joke because ～に不死身だ is not a thing. (If someone is "immortal only to one thing", doesn't that mean he is not immortal in the first place?)
"To be immune to ～" is ～に免疫がある (lit. "have immunity against ～"), so you can say 新型コロナウイルスに免疫がある. (Strictly speaking, COVID-...
4
One possibility is ところ. Although the most common meaning is 'place', it is also used to describe aspects or points about something or someone. For example:
彼のいいところ His good side (lit. the good aspects of him).
彼女の可愛いところ Her cute side (lit. the cute aspects of her).
日本語のわかりやすいところ Easy parts of Japanese (lit. the easy aspects of Japanese)....
4
[事]{こと}なきを[得]{え}る is a set phrase meaning 大事にならないで済む, "to escape a trouble" "to get something done without any trouble" "survive without a problem".
事なきを得る（ことなきをえる）
[大事]{だいじ}にならないで[済]{す}む。「出発時間に間に合って事なきを得た」
（from デジタル大辞泉）
ことなきをえる【事無きを得る】
「なんとか事無きをえた」
Somehow we 「finished it [got it finished] without any trouble.
「都合よく彼が現れて事無きを得た」
His ...
4
「平凡{へいぼん}」should mean "mediocre" and「ありきたり」should mean "frequently/often happens" here.
So, "ordinary, common" is not off. Probably the author would like to mention that things are not the routine.
In other words, it's like normal distribution in mathematics. You will very likely to encounter a mediocre thing in the world, but at this time it is different....
4
First of all, 必要 is primarily a na-adjective rather than a noun. It means "necessary".
✅必要な量 ❌必要性な量
necessary amount
✅それは必要だ。 ❌それは必要性だ。
That is necessary.
✅必要になった。 ❌必要性になった。
It became necessary.
If you have really used 必要 only as a pure noun, this is the most important difference you have to remember. (And I think this is why your question looked confusing ...
4
Yes it's just "or (else)", but the remaining part is left unsaid because it's obvious (涙だったのか) in this context. Isn't this possible also in English?
お茶だったのか、はたまた…。
Was it tea, or...?
3
Yes, you can use 是非 as a single-word expression meaning "please do" or "you're more than welcome".
「見てもいいですか？」「ぜひ！」
「お礼状は出すべきですか？」「ぜひ。」
It's a strong invitation or recommendation. I suppose "by all means" may sound forcible sometimes, but 是非 does not have such a nuance.
3
The word "fellow" in English is often too casually used to find an all-around translation.
Moreover, in the provided context:
As a fellow sweet tooth, let's go to a cake buffet.
this fellow practically stands for "me, who am one of" and probably "me, like you guys". In this case, I don't think any literal-ish translation of "fellow" works.
Natural ways ...
3
あげる is not a very sensitive word to refer to giving someone something when casually spoken in the receiver's absence. But as you are concerned, using あげる is not always a good choice for telling "give to you" in person.
what if I were to give someone something that I am not sure if it will benefit the person or the person might not like
In this case, I ...
3
"なので" is ungrammatical when used with anything other than a noun or な adjective, so only the second example you wrote is valid. You are correct that だから and から function in the same way.
3
It means "end up".
それがどれだけ無意味なもんかすぐに思い知る羽目になるだろさ
You'll soon end up realizing how meaningless they (=things you've learned) are.
Here "realizing how meaningless they are" is something unpleasant to the listener.
3
The structure てある is used to indicate that somebody has of their own volition performed a deliberate preparatory action on an object. Intransitive verbs have no object to perform the action on.
Basically, てある describes states of being which have resulted in an object having been acted on to completion, usually with a specific goal in mind for that object. ...
3
(Using the example sentences from the links you provided.)
使わないものはクローゼットにしまってあります。
tsukawanai mono wa kurōzetto ni shimatte arimasu.
I leave things that I do not use in my closet.
Here しまって is the te-form of the transitive verb しまう "to put away / to store".
窓が[閉まって]{しまって}います。
mado ga shimatte imasu.
The window was/is closed.
Here しまって ...
2
There was a writing reform of Japanese kanji after WW2 which led to these differences. In a 経本【きょうほん】 (sutra book) you will find the kanji 經, but this is the 旧字体【きゅうじたい】 or 正字【せいじ】 of 経. In modern Japanese it's usually written with the 経.
This is one example. In general, how do you select from kanji with the same reading and meaning when you write?
Well, ...
2
おきに is different from the other two because it always implies intervals. X おきに always implies with an interval of X. You can't use it if there aren't any predictable intervals. The emphasis is on describing what happens at what interval.
This is different from たびに、ごとに because they can be used without an "interval":
見るたびに、見るごとに美しくなっていく
When used ...
2
This is basically another wago-and-kango problem. 発見 is a much bigger and stiffer word used in scientific, military or other serious business contexts. You should not use 発見 in everyday casual conversations unless a joke is intended.
2
会う can mean to meet people by chance as well as deliberately, and it can also mean meeting people without necessarily interacting with them, but 顔を合わせる means to meet someone deliberately and talk to them or interact with them. So "会う" can be "encounter someone" but "顔を合わせる" is more like "interact with someone".
2
You are basically right.
平気: antonym for "damaged", "dangerous", "ill", "negatively affected", etc.
冷静: antonym for "lost one's cool", "short-tempered", "angry", etc.
穏やか: antonym for "anxious", "restless", "bothered", etc.
2
This 掛ける means "to pour". ～を醤油につける is "to dip (something) in syoyu", and ～に醤油をかける is "to put syoyu (on something)". These are two different ways of using say sauce, and neither is more correct than the other.
塩辛い only means "salty" as the kanji suggests, and it often has a negative connotation. 辛口(の) is neutral, and it also means "spicy/hot" or "dry (...
2
Can たい be used to express desire for a 2nd person to do something.
No. The 〜たい form to express a desire or wish can only be used to express your own feelings and applies only to the 1st person ("I"). In particular, if you say
戻りたい
it will always be interpreted as you yourself wanting to return / go back.
If you want to talk about someone else (2nd ...
2
Usually I see "pretend" represented by 振【ふ】りをする.
The basic grammar rules are verb / i-adjective + 振【ふ】りをする:
何【なに】も知【し】らない振【ふ】りをする。- Pretend you don't know anything.
気【き】持【も】ちを傷【きず】つけたくなかったから、おいしい振【ふ】りをした。- In order to not hurt his feelings, I pretended it tasted good.
Noun + の + 振【ふ】りをする:
彼【かれ】と会【あ】いたくなかったから、風邪【かぜ】の振【ふ】りをした。- I pretended to have ...
2
クラスの会えないのは残念です。
"It is unfortunate that the class can't meet."
I can understand what you're trying to say, so I think you could leave it as is.
If you want it to sound more natural, you could say it like this:
[授業]{じゅぎょう}がなくなったのは[残念]{ざんねん}です。lit. It is unfortunate that the classes have been cancelled.
(なくなる "gone, disappear" → cancelled)
...
1
They are very different.
A だけで B: B just by/with/using A (quite straightforward)
cf. A だけに B: B, true to its (name, form, nature, reputation...) being A
A(-u)ばかりに B: so much A that B [some ironical result]
cf. A(-ta)ばかりに B B [unexpected result] merely due to A
cf. A(-u)ばかりで: only to A; only keep doing A
cf. A ばかりで B: usually a negative comment of the ...
1
It doesn't make sense. Dictionaries say that ただそれだけの原因・理由で、事態が悪化するような結果が導かれることを表す. For example, 「ちょっと油断をしたばかりに、とんでもないことになってしまった」 「ちょっと口をすべらしたばかりに、すっかり怒らせてしまった」.
If the speaker doesn't like to be seen as a Japanese. 外国人だけど、着物を着たばかりに、日本人みたいになった makes sense.
1
わざと is a fixed adverb listed on any dictionary. It does not inflect, and you should treat it as one word that means "intentionally" or "purposely".
わざ (業) on its own is an old word meaning "action", "act" or "behavior". Etymologically, わざと is indeed わざ followed by と, but that does not mean わざで means something in modern Japanese. Basically you need to ...
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