5
校 does not mean "exam" in the sense of students' written test, but it means "examination" or "investigation" in the following compounds:
校正 proofreading
校了 proofreading completed
校閲 copyedit / reviewing / proofreading
☆校合 collation (comparison of different versions of the same classical work)
校本 a survey book on different ...
5
This is a relic of the Chinese writing system, which some time in the past used the character 「足」 to mean sufficient, enough. From 《上{{kr:海}}博物館藏戰國楚竹書・䊷衣》簡11 (Shanghai Museum Chu Bamboo Slips, section Black Robes, Slip #11:
子曰大臣𡳿（之）㔻（不）⿱目辛（親）𠃟（也）則𢘑（忠）敬㔻（不）𠯁（足）而⿱富貝（富）⿱貞貝（貴）𢎟(已）⿺辶化（過）
The Master said: If the ministers are not close to their monarch, then ...
4
もういちどあねがいします seems a misspelling of もういちどおねがいします.
もういちどおねがいします is written in kanjis as もう一度お願いします.
4
It looks pretty clearly like it's 森口（もりぐち）.
3
It's a great question. You might have already known that Japanese characters originally came from Chinese, so if you google "足" in a chinese etymology dictionary, you will find this
甲骨文中“正”（征）与“足”本是同一个字，后被转注成两个字。足，甲骨文（囗，村邑或部落）（止，行军），表示军队归邑。金文、篆文承续甲骨文字形。因为“疋”（脚，名词）篆文的字形与“足”（凯旋归邑，动词）的篆文字形相似，后人习惯于以“足”字代替本义完全不同的“疋”字，“疋”的甲骨文字形像由大腿小腿、脚板构成的脚部。造字本义：名词，...
2
A common way to express it is 勉強になる - "to gain knowledge; to be illuminated, enlightening; informative; illuminating" (definition from EDICT). As in 勉強になりました.
2
The word is most likely not 白分, but 自分{じぶん}, meaning 'self'. In the context of an app, it refers to you, the user.
2
This シメる is a slangy verb that euphemistically means something like "to chastise (thus making them understand who is the strongest)" or "to give someone a (harsh) lesson (about underground rules, etc)". Usually brute force is implied. It's 締める in kanji, but normally written with katakana. This ～て回る is just "go to various places (...
1
It's not a common reading at all, and I knew no one whose name is 笛【モニカ】. If a real Japanese child had a name like this today, people would almost certainly call it a "kirakira name". But character names in fiction are often unique, and "kirakira name" is usually not used to describe such names, especially when the work is not set in ...
1
Writing a foreign (Western) name in kanji for fun is not something an ordinary native Japanese speakers would do. We just use katakana for this purpose. That said, 来安 and 雷杏 both seem reasonable to me as a "kanji name for fun", and neither is more correct than the other. Many other kanji can be read ライ or アン, so there are many other possibilities. ...
1
When it appears in a kanji compound (or some compounds which mix kanji and kana), it is the kanji character for 'one' 一. This can be read as いち or ひと depending on the context. When it appears in kana words (mostly katakana), it is called a chōonpu (超音符) and functions to lengthen the previous vowel.
日本一 (にほんいち) (kanji compound)
ケーキ (keeki) (katakana)
おーい (...
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