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文法. A collective term for syntax (the way sentences are put together) and morphology (forms of words, including the way new words are put together). Often used to describe function words such as particles, to describe word endings, and to talk about general sentence structure.
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What does 行っている mean?
太郎が今ヨーロッパに行っている。
‘Taro is now in Europe (as a result of having gone there).’
太郎が去年ヨーロッパに行っている。
‘Taro is the one who has the experience of having gone to Europe last year.’
Can the latter mean the same …
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Difference between 勝たねば & 勝たなければ
What is the difference in usage and meaning between 勝たねば and 勝たなければ?
I have only learnt how 勝つ get conjugated to be 勝たなければ. How does 勝たねば come about?
試合の終わりには、どちらかが勝たねばならない。
(source)
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How to tell what 今度 really means?
this time; now
next time; another time; shortly; soon
recently; lately; the other day
今度の面接のために、このスーツを買いました from https://jlptsensei.com/learn-japanese-grammar/%E3%81%9F%E3%82%81%E3%81%AB-tame-ni-meaning …
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Could one have more than one verb in the same sentence be converted to indirect passive?
I understand Adversity (indirect) passive are used to describe unfortunate event.
Am I correct in saying that the sentence patterns with transitive verbs of both adversity passive and simple (direct) …
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地球上で versus 地球上に
Re: チーターは、地球上で、もっとも足の速い陸上動物だ。
source
I understand that で is to indicate location of action. And there is no action verb in the sentence. I have expected に to be used. That is 地球上に instead of 地球上で. How …