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(A) ハワイからおみやげにマカダミア•ナッツを買って来る
I'll buy you guys a gift of macadamia nuts in Hawaii
(B) ハワイからマカダミア•ナッツのおみやげを買って来る
I suppose に here indicates the purpose of the action like in the following:
あなたはテレビゲームにお金を使いすぎます
If that's the case, would B sound unnatural because the noun modifier is too long?
From the same book, の is being used instead in another example, but the noun modifier is shorter:
田中さんのうちへ行く時、チーズのおみやげを持って行こう。
That に is a role/function marker like as in English. See the following questions:
マカダミアナッツのおみやげを買う is not wrong, but it's more natural to use おみやげに. の in ～のおみやげ is more commonly used as a possession marker rather than an apposition marker (e.g., 彼のお土産 is "his gift" or "gift for him"). If you want to use an appositive の, おみやげのマカデミアナッツを買う sounds better (although it's still less common than おみやげに). I don't think the length of マカデミアナッツ matters here.
