The full context of the first original phrase is:
「・・・浦島{うらしま}さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが呼{よ}ぶ声｛こえ｝がします。
I was just wondering, why is 声がする in the sentence when there is already 呼ぶ? Or rather, what would be wrong with replacing 呼ぶ声がします with 呼びます?
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Shouldn't it be 誰かの呼ぶ声がします？ – user11382889 Aug 21 '19 at 7:20
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2^ 「［誰かが呼ぶ］声がします」is also fine. 「［ジョンの買った］本」「［ジョンが買った］本」みたいな感じで・・ → japanese.stackexchange.com/a/12829/9831 – Chocolate♦ Aug 21 '19 at 9:54
「・・・浦島さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが呼ぶ声がします。
「・・・浦島さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが呼びます。
Both are grammatically correct.
In the former, 声がします expresses/implies that someone's voice came toward the main character (浦島太郎 here) and he hears it.
So the latter is just:
Someone called, "Urashima-san, Urashima-san..."
while the original sounds more like:
Taro heard someone's voice calling him, "Urashima-san, Urashima-san..."
The する here means "to sense/perceive".
［声・音・におい・香り・味・感じ・[気]{き} etc.］ + がする
is used to mean "to sense/perceive [voice, sound, smell, taste, feeling, etc.]"
eg
「声がする」 hear a voice
「～の音がする」 hear the sound of ~
「～のにおいがする」 smell ~
For more on this usage of する, you can refer to these threads:
answered Aug 21 '19 at 10:31
So, in this case 呼ぶ声 is meant to be taken as a sort-of participle which means "a calling voice"/"a voice calling out". So the basic translation of what the sentence is - "'Urashima-san, Urashima-san', someone's voice called." You could use just "呼びます", the difference is mostly a stylistic one. Japanese uses "がします/する" instead of the literal verb, "call" in this case, to give the sentence a matter-of-fact feeling.
