That is Ateji. Foreign words are usually written with katakana, but sometimes are written with phonetic equivalent kanjis.
Names of foreign countries are often written with kanjis in newspaper. For example, the phonetic equivalent of アメリカ (America) is 亜米利加 (A-mei-ri-ka). When newspapers are writing about America, they just take the second letter and write 米国 (米-country) or just 米 when there is no worry about confusion with 米(rice). You can see similar expressions in the headlines of Yahoo! news (https://news.yahoo.co.jp/list/?c=world).
Let's go on to the given example 烈怒頼雄斗安無嶺過武瑠. "Red Riot Unbreakable" is almost always written with katakana. However, this is written with kanjis because this looks cooler and stronger. Many of the kanjis used in this word is not only phonetic equivalents but also has meanings related with strength. 烈 means intense, 怒 means angry, 雄 means brave, and so on. Another example is 夜露死苦 (yoroshiku) which literally means night-dew-death-suffer but the meaning of よろしく is just "Nice to meet you".