An example Because of the noise, she became startled/surprised.
Would it be something like おとから、かのじょはおどろきになった.? Where I use から for because.
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No, you can't compose it like that. Since おと itself is a mere object and not an event or nature of something, the combination with から doesn't mean reason.
Instead, it should be おと（の せい）で びっくりした.
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You mean おと is a phenomena, an object of perception? – user25382 Oct 17 '17 at 11:40
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Noun + から (not a real sentence) can be used to show the noun is the cause of basis for what comes after, used in sentences like:
ちょっとした不注意から大きな事故になることも少なくない。(big accidents are often caused by just a little carelessness)( example taken fromニューアプローチ中上級日本語 p165)
So it is used for cause and effect, but more for showing the basis of judgement, or describing phenomena in general. I think for a simple kind of 'she was surprised by the noise/because of the noise' type situation it may be more natural to use で instead
かのじょはおどろきになった--> is strange/incorrect. You'd say 「かのじょはおどろいた」/「かのじょはびっくりした」 – Chocolate♦ Oct 17 '17 at 2:02