I'm reading the Re:zero light novel, volume 9. The second sentence in the book is
水の中を漂うような、上下左右も曖昧な世界に投げ込まれている
What is 水の中を漂うような modifying? And I don't understand the meaning of 上下左右.
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水の中を漂うような like drifting in the water" is a metaphorical expression close to the astronaut's "無{む}重力{じゅうりょく}の空中{くうちゅう}に漂うような like drifting in the air/sky of weightlessness", where you cant't distiguish the 360-degree direction.
上下左右 is a set phrase that describes every direction, all directions or 360-degree direction.
So 上下左右も曖昧な means ambiguous in 360-degree directions.
世界に投げ込まれている is (誰{だれ}かが/何{なに}かが)世界に投げ込まれている, which means (Somebody/something) is thrown into the world.
What is 水の中を漂うような modifying?
There are three possible answers as:
Answer 1. (水の中を漂うような+上下左右も曖昧な) → 世界に投げ込まれている
Answer 2. (水の中を漂うような+上下左右も) → 曖昧な世界に投げ込まれている
Answer 3. (水の中を漂うような→上下左右も曖昧な)→ 世界に投げ込まれている
I think this is not a question of Japanese but depends on how the reader, you or me, interprets the given sentence.
Answer 1 is "水の中を漂うような" modifies "世界" in parallel with "上下左右も曖昧な". I choose this one.
Answer 2 is "水の中を漂うような" modifies "曖昧 ambiguous" in parallel with "上下左右". "水の中を漂うような曖昧な世界" makes sense and is relatively natural. In truth, I would like to change my former answer for this one if the phrase were "水の中を漂うように" which is grammatically correct.
Answer 3 is that "水の中を漂うような" modifies "上下左右も曖昧な" to make the figurative expression of "上下左右も曖昧な" more concretely imagined by writing another expression similar to it.
As I said before, I do not think there is a fixed answer. Which one do you choose?
色々な
と簡単な
が独立して問題
という名詞を修飾している」と「色々な
が簡単な問題
という名詞句を入れ子状に修飾している」という2つの解釈はあり得ますが、「色々な
が簡単
を修飾している」と言う解釈はあり得ません。「非常に簡単だ」とは言えても「非常な簡単だ」という文はあり得ませんよね。