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For example:

"昼ごはんは作ってある" and "昼ごはんは作られた". Don't both mean the lunch has been made?

As a second question, what would be the difference between 昼ごはんは作ってある and 昼ごはんは作ってあった?

Much appreciated

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  • I feel like I answered the same question just recently.
    – user4032
    Dec 22, 2016 at 3:07
  • 3
    And God said, "let there be lunch", and 昼ごはんは作られた... Dec 22, 2016 at 4:26
  • 3
    @l'électeur これですね・・・ japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/41028/…
    – chocolate
    Dec 23, 2016 at 3:02
  • 1
    @brokenheadphones まさかの自発の「らる」で笑ってしまいました
    – Yuki Inoue
    Dec 27, 2016 at 10:07

3 Answers 3

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昼ごはんは作ってある => The lunch has been made.

昼ごはんは作られた => The lunch was made.

昼ごはんは作ってあった? => The lunch had been made.

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"昼ごはんは作ってある" and "昼ごはんは作られた". Don't both mean the lunch has been made?

Yes. They both mean the lunch has been made but we would never say "昼ごはんは作られた".

"昼ごはんは作ってある" means "There has been a lunch". "昼ごはんは作ってあった" means "There had been a lunch".

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Don't both mean the lunch has been made?

Yes. 昼ごはんは作ってある means "I made a lunch". 昼ごはんは作られた means "a lunch is made", but 昼ごはんは作られた is bit odd…

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