Yes.
幽霊文字
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%BD%E9%9C%8A%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97
幽霊文字(ゆうれいもじ)とは、JIS基本漢字に含まれる、典拠不明の文字の総称。
JIS基本漢字 (aka JIS第1・第2水準漢字) is a set of Japanese characters (including approx. 6350 kanji) established in 1978. It has been widely supported by personal computers since then, but this standard contains several kanji which have no reliable origin.
For example, 彁 is a kanji which probably did not exist before the JIS基本漢字 set was established. No one knows its meaning. It has the reading (カ/セイ), but it's a fabricated one for convenience sake.
戸籍統一文字 contains over 50,000 "kanji", many of which are not listed in any dictionary. They have character codes and actually in use in government offices, but I don't know whether you can call them "standardized".
And you can find tons of insane kanji which are not standardized here: 漢字部屋