As far as I'm aware, とある means 'some':
とある会社の従業員
An employee of some company
And just ある can be used to mean the same thing.
Does that give a different level of formality? A more 'direct' or pointed way to referring to the following noun?
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1 Answer
They are the same thing. However, 「ある」 is more common nowadays, especially among the younger generation.
Sources:
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Thanks for the sources. To confirm: とある apparently isn't used at all in daily speech right now? One answer states that they find it a pompous thing to say, though I don't think I see the same sentiment in other answers. Is that an actual thing or just that person's opinion? (Or were they referring to とある making the noun seem more important?) Dec 2, 2015 at 2:51