Compare:
何かを忘れた気がする。
何かを忘れたような気がする。
I feel like I forgot something.
As far as I know, they both mean the same thing. What nuance does adding ような give?
Adding ような communicates that the speaker is even less sure. It's also used as a softener when you say something that's potentially negative.
E.g.
「お母さん、最近物忘れが多い気がする」
「お母さん、最近物忘れが多いような気がする」
A speaker might choose the latter phrasing just to soften the tone.
My understanding of the modifier ような on 気がする is that it functions as a "fuzzifier". It describes the sensation as being even vaguer, tentative and ballpark-ish than 気がする by itself already implies. The exaggerated "quasi-translations" below should hopefully illustrate the nuance I'm trying to hint at:
何かを忘れた気がする。
"I have a hunch that I've forgotten something."
何かを忘れたような気がする。
"I'm experiencing a sensation that I can't quite pinpoint, but it resembles the feeling of having forgotten something -- maybe I really have forgotten something, or maybe its something else, or maybe I'm just imagining things..."
Constructions like ような気がする are used quite often in day-to-day conversations, and are often used by the speaker to casually "cover their ass" in case what they say turns out to be nonsense -- or at least to me そのような気がする...
Check below links---
http://www.jgram.org/pages/viewOne.php?tagE=younakigasuru
http://www.tanos.co.uk/jlpt/skills/grammar/sentences/?grammarid=437
http://friends-esl.com/phrase/phrase249.php
http://www.jgram.org/pages/viewOne.php?tagE=kigasuru
ような気がするadd the nuance expectation予感,予測or不確.
もう他に方法はないような気がする。 It's like there is no other way.