Proportion and Rate

Question

How do I form a sentence pattern for:

The more/less X happens, the more/less Y happens

E.g. The more you stir, the faster the salt dissolves.

The colder the weather, the more time it takes for snow to melt.

Answer 1

There are also several other grammar patterns that express "as one thing changes (grows/increases/decreases/etc.) another thing changes with it" (the key is that both things are changing).

1. 名詞 (noun)
2. 動詞の辞書形 (verb in dictionary form)
3. する動詞の名詞 (the noun of a suru-verb)

• (2 or 3) + につれて (cannot express volition or intention, but the rest can).
  • アニメが[流行]{≪はや≫}るにつれて、日本語を学ぶ人が増えてきています。→　As anime is becoming more popular, the number of people learning Japanese is growing.
• (2 or 3) + にしたがって
  • 警察の調べが進むにしたがって、次々と新しい疑問点が出てきた。→　The-more/As the police investigation progressed, new questions kept arising (one after another).
• (1 or 2) + に伴って【ともなって】
  • 病気の回復に伴って、少しずつ働く時間を伸ばしていくつもりだ。→　As I continue to recover from my illness, little-by-little I intend to work longer (and longer) hours.
• (1 or 2) + とともに
  • 技術の拡大とともに、手紙を書くことが衰えていくでしょう。→　As technology continues to expand, writing letters (by hand) will surely decline.

These used to be JLPT ２級 patterns, but since they changed it to the new N1-N5 system, I don't know which level they are anymore.

Answer 2

Anyone who took formal courses on Japanese would have learned this pattern: X-eba X hodo Y.

The more you stir, the faster the salt dissolves.
混ぜれば混ぜるほど塩が混ざるのは早いです。

The colder the weather, the more time it takes for snow to melt.
雪が解けるのは寒ければ寒いほど時間がかかります。