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For example, if I was trying to tell someone that in English when we say "sake" it already has the implication of it being "Japanese sake", so have the "Japanese" is redundant.
My English brain wants to say AはBの意味を持つ, and my best guess is something with 伝える, I'm just having a really hard time researching this.
This might be acceptable, therefore:
英語には「アルコール」とか「リカー」という言葉がありますので、「酒」という言葉を使うときは、「日本酒」のことを指しているのです。
The most simple method I was always taught was when giving a definition or further explanation to a term to use ～という意味だ, ということだ, or という意味がある
For example,
「名所は特に有名な所ということです」 「武士道は侍の尊敬と礼儀を表し方ということです」
I know that there are other methods out there, but it seems that for what you're trying to do this might be the simplest and most direct path.
As the other response mentioned, 含む (to include) might be a useful verb to have on hand here to suggest that when discussing sake that meaning is already included.
To directly translate the example that you were discussing, I might say something like this: 「酒はアルコールが入っている飲み物という意味がありますが、ある時に酒の意味に日本酒ということも含みます。」
Adding to the other answers, I think you can also use the ...と言う意味, or 「...」って言う意味 form.
AはBという意味ですか？
Do you mean that A is B?
AはBを意味するfor sort of direct equivalences, whileAはBの意味を持つwould also have a sort of implication that A also means some other stuff, but I don't fully understand the nuances between these and other options, so I'll let someone else answer.