As far as i understand, those words pretty much means "doing something completely" but each have its own nuance. I'll use the word 読む for conjugating as an example.
1.読み終わる
This one is just saying that you finished reading, emphasize the end of the verb.
2.読みあげる
I don't really get this one, あげる is the most tricky one for me.
3.読み通す
This mean that you read through (something), but you might not read all the letters, you might skip the unneccesary information. But basically you read through the thing.
4.読み切る
This mean you really read the whole thing, in the sense of you read every character that was written.
5.読んでしまう
This mean you finished the read and it can't be help or you might regret after reading it
Am I understand those nuance correctly or am I missing something. I'm pretty sure there are more nuance to it and I wanna know, especially 通す/切る/あげる