それこそ、 has several meanings. In this case, it emphasises the degree of a phrase. This is difficult for me to explain because こそ's meaning is basically an emphasis of a previous word.
Here is an example of それこそ、〜くらいには。.
Example:
熱いから気をつけてね。それこそ、やけどするくらいには。 (Beware because it is hot. It is so hot that it makes you burn.)
In this sentence, それこそ、means "I am not exaggerating the degree."
Let's get back to the original sentence.
それこそ、先日バベルの中で誹謗され、エイナ自身がそれを耳にしてしまうくらいには。
The last verb is abbreviated. And, it should be decided from the context, usually the previous verb, (市民へのガス抜きと捉えられてしまっても仕方がなかった). But, from the context, the paragraph has been changed just before this sentence, so I think it points more vague idea like "citizens displeased with ギルド and 怪物祭."
それこそ、[先日バベルの中で(怪物祭 or ギルドが)誹謗され、エイナ自身がそれ(誹謗されたこと)を耳にしてしまう]くらいには(、市民が不満を募らせていた)。
I used () to indicate words I filled in, and [] indicates grouping.
I still think the sentence is ambiguous, and you should decide from the content of 誹謗 and the relationship between エイナ, 怪物祭 and ギルド. But, in other words, it is ambiguous because the author did not need to explain it clearly.
Translation so far.
The degree of (the prejudice or the dissatisfaction of the citizens) was so strong that (怪物祭 or ギルド) had been slandered in Babel and エイナ herself had heard of it the other day.