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There are numerous 異体字 where the relation between the two characters is just a different arrangement of all the parts. For instance 裏/裡, 群/羣, 胸/胷, 棋/棊...

Are there instances where a simple re-arrangement of parts results in a change in meaning?

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  • As worded, there won’t be an end to the number of possible answers to this question - anyone can pull examples from the top of their head (here: 集 and 椎) if they think hard enough. Are you looking for something more concrete, e.g an explanation, or are you just looking for a list?
    – dROOOze
    Commented Jan 27 at 7:36
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    I couldn't come up with a concrete example where the components are actually the same etymologically wise/the difference in meaning isn't just a Japanese oddity. For instance: 集 is actually the abridged form 雧. 累 is the abridged form of 纍 whilst 細 is the corruption 𥿳. The difference of 脇/脅 is only seen in Japanese, 脇 is in reality just a 異体字 with the same naming. Commented Jan 27 at 7:42
  • Ohh, but 忘 and 忙 is not a Japanese oddity either, the different word usage it represents was inherited from Chinese. Also, out of the examples you just listed, 集 actually has the same components as 椎, it’s just that two of the three birds in 雥 were removed. There is actually no 田 in 累 or 細. Interesting tibit about 脇 and 脅 though.
    – dROOOze
    Commented Jan 27 at 7:52

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  • and (忄 is left-side variant of 心.)

The following pairs are not 異体字 from historical point of view, but in modern forms they appear in this way:

  • and (氵 is left-side variant of 水.)

  • and (Origin of 唄 is unknown, while lower part of 員 is simplification of ancient form of 鼎.)

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  • Thank you, that is a very simple and concrete example. This led me to a very interesting article by 漢字文化資料館 Commented Jan 27 at 7:28

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