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i often heard 'ね' or 'な' at the end of word like かわいいな, かわいいね, いいな or いいね.

i also often hear word that ended with よ but i can't recall the example for now.

so my questions are:

  1. what are they (な、ね) called?

  2. how to apply them to another word? i mean are they just for noun or adjective? i think not every noun can be attached with them, correct?

  3. whats the meaning of them?

any link related article about them are very welcome. ありがとうございます。

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    how to apply them to another word? i mean are they just for noun But.. you'd say きれいな花ね。 but not きれいな花な。 You'd instead say きれいな花だな (きれいな花だね is also good), no?
    – chocolate
    Aug 1, 2017 at 2:31
  • @ǝʇɐןoɔoɥƆ Judging by them saying they " also often hear words ending with "yo"" I think they are specifically interested in な as a sentence ending particle, but good point. Aug 1, 2017 at 3:13
  • i am confused now, so きれいな花な is wrong?
    – Kakashi
    Aug 1, 2017 at 4:25
  • @Kakashi sort of, we are discussing how the な used after きれい is because there are such things as な adjectives. You would say きれいな花だな。@ǝʇɐןoɔoɥƆ I actually don't know why though, could you explain? Aug 1, 2017 at 5:32
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    @Gabby な as a sentence-ending particle (終助詞) can attach to the terminal form (終止形), e.g. (i-adjective)かわいい+な (na-adjective)しずかだ+な (verb) 困る+な, ~よな, ~だよな etc.  ね can also attach to the terminal form, e.g. かわいい+ね, しずかだ+ね, 困る+ね, ~よね, ~だよね, ~わね etc. and can also be used as a copula, e.g. (noun)子ども+ね, (na-adjective)しずか+ね.
    – chocolate
    Aug 3, 2017 at 3:28

1 Answer 1

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what are they (な、ね) called?

They are called sentence-ending particles. However, な can also come along with what are called な adjective.

how to apply them to another word? i mean are they just for noun or adjective? i think not every noun can be attached with them, correct?

Typically they will add on to the end of the sentence, except for な which can also be used with certain adjectives.

Here are some examples.

For な、you can:

  1. Indicate emotion. Mostly used by men.

(な, in this usage, is often lengthened to なあ)

あの人はすばらしいな。That person is really great [something]!

  1. Ask for another person's agreement. Used by men.

あの車は新車だよな。That's a new car, right?/That's a new car, I bet.

  1. Soften the effect of an assertion.

この映画は良くなかったな。This movie just wasn't very good.

  1. Soften a command or request (first example, a women speaking with typical くださいな pattern; second example, a man.)

成田まで行ってくださいな。Narita [Airport], please [if you please].

明日必ず来いな。Be sure to come tomorrow.

  1. Indicate a prohibition. Used by men.

絶対にあいつに会うな。Stay away from that bum, you hear./Keep clear of that guy.

For ね、you can:

Note: ね is sometimes pronounced ねえ。

  1. Indicates emotion or feelings of admiration.

きれいな花ねえ。What a pretty flower!

  1. Indicates agreement with the other person.

本当にそうですね。Yes, that's quite true./That's so true.

  1. Softens a request.

必ず手紙を下さいね。Be sure to write [me a letter].

  1. Indicates a request for confirmation.

あの本、持って来て下さったでしょうね。You brought me that book, didn't you [as I asked you to]?/ I suppose you brought that book for me.

  1. Indicates a mild assertion of, or variance in, opinion.

そうですかね。Oh, is that so?/ I wonder. /You think so?

  1. Indicates a mild assertion.

私は北海道の方が寒いと思うんですけどね。I would think that Hokkaido is cooler.

For よ, you can:

  1. Urge a course of action.

もうだいぶ歩いたから、この辺でちょっと休もうよ。

Let's take a break about here, guys.

We've already walked quite a bit.

  1. Indicate a request (Although other particles can do this too)

私の家にも来てくださいよ。Come to my house, too.

  1. Indicates a statement of certainty.

今日は金曜日ですよ。Today is Friday, you know. (Stated, for example, after someone has claimed otherwise.)

  1. Indicates scolding or contempt.

あの人は仕事ができないわよ。He just can't do the work!

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