Hot answers tagged particle-to
19
I've asked this very question in the past and my research led me to the following definition which (surprisingly) differs from every other answer here so far:
～となる expresses a discrete change, while ～になる can express either a discrete or a continuous change.
You can feasibly use ～になる for everything, since it covers all cases, but in cases where you want to ...
11
Basically, を follows a noun (eg. "車") or a nominal group (eg. "私が運転してる車"), not a proposition.
(This) と follows a proposition, not a noun or nominal group.
行こうを思う is thus not grammatical.
You'd want 行くことを思う for a grammatically correct sentence.
It would mean that you think of the concept of going. It is different from thinking of you going, which would be ...
10
The most usual way is to attach と to all alternatives except for the last one:
りんごとオレンジが好きだ。
りんごとオレンジとパパイヤが好きだ。
(Unrelated note: “papaya” is usually パパイヤ rather than パパヤ in Japanese.)
Attaching と to all alternatives including the last one is acceptable.
りんごとオレンジとが好きだ。
りんごとオレンジとパパイヤとが好きだ。
I heard that in older days, と was always attached to ...
6
へと is used when you are directing your audience's attention to the content that comes after the と for emphasis. 「やや強意の副詞的表現に属することを表す」
Example:
透【す】き通【とお】るような青【あお】空【ぞら】の中【なか】へと白【しろ】いボールが吸【す】い込まれていく
The white ball disappeared into the crystal clear blue sky
透き通るような青空の中 へ 白いボールが吸い込まれていく
Without the と it is simply a statement of fact.
Q: "What did the ...
5
The examples are very interesting. It looks like, whenever と知る can be used, it means "find out" rather than "know". Another way to say this is, whenever と知る can be used, you can replace the verb with 分かる. With "find out", you cannot have duration, in other words, you can say:
I knew that theorem for two days, (but I forgot it).
but you cannot say
* ...
5
Here is how I would categorize these usages. There are probably other ways to explain them, and I do not claim that mine is the best in any sense.
(1) ～ようと思う, ～ようと考える, and ～ようと決める are just the usual use of the particle と which signifies quotation, and there is nothing special about the combination of a volitional and と. For example, I think that particle ...
5
Francis Drohan's A handbook of Japanese usage has four whole pages on the usages of と, so I don't think a comprehensive answer is appropriate here. But a few key points:
There are two kinds of と: one is a case particle (格助詞), and another is a conjunctive particle (接続助詞). In both your examples, と is being used as a case particle.
According to Drohan, there ...
5
From what I have learned and observed, ～となる implies a "suppose if" conditional, something similar to "suppose if it is the case that [X] would become [Y] then" where as ～になる simply means "[X] becomes [Y]".
「請求書のお支払いは現金のみとなりますので、ご了承くださいませ。」 would mean something like "Suppose if you need to pay your purchase by cash, we hope to get your understanding.". This ...
5
I think what's really going on here can be traced back to the two different ways 形容動詞 (けいようどうし: adjectival nouns or "な-adjectives") were inflected. If we look under the 連用形 (れんようけい: the "adverbial inflection", for lack of a better term) column under the first table on this Wikibooks page detailing Classical Japanese inflection patterns, we find the following ...
5
Just adding to an existing answer because I typically don't think of these two as comparisons, I look at it from a different angle than the OP.
I typically think of this as more of expectation rather than comparison for ～にしては, although comparison could be valid as well but I never think of it like that.
So as @istrasci pointed out, ～にしては means "Considering ...
4
～にしては means "Considering X is Y, ..."
トムはお金持ちにしては、あまりぜいたくな人生をおくらない (Considering Tom is pretty rich, he doesn't lead a very luxurious lifestyle
～としては mean "As a / In the capacity of X, ..."
弁護士であるわたしとしては、それを勧めるわけにはいかない (As a lawyer, I cannot recommend (doing) that)
So the latter is when the thing actually is the thing you're comparing to.
4
I do not know what “adverbialisation” means, because the particle と which signifies quotation, change of state, and supposition also makes an adverbial phrase.
This と signifies a limit on something in a similar way to “even” in English, but its usage is restricted compared to “even.” と is attached to a small quantity and used with negation, and means that ...
4
It's best to consider 二度と as an adverb on its own, meaning '(not) again'.
The 二度 here is pronounced 「にど」, but the meaning aligns with its alternate reading, 「ふたたび」 -- which is, of course, usually written 再び in modern Japanese.
The と here feels very similar in usage to the と in an onomatopoeic expression like きっぱりと [an intuition which seems to be confirmed, ...
4
The と in (1, 2) is the same と as used in quoting. It leads a subordinate clause. Unlike predicates like 言う 'say', which can take direct or indirect quotation, predicates like 合図する 'signal' cannot take quotation. It expresses an accompanied message. Without と, it is ambiguous. It may be a purposive clause or a clause expressing the accompanied message.
...
4
許可 'permit' is not an activity done to each other. A permits B. Asymmetric. Therefore, the sentence should be taken as your first interpretation: 'Friend One and Friend Two have given permission to have their feeds be subscribed'. If it is particularly necessary to express mutual activity, the sentence would have been [Friend One]さんと[Friend Two]さんが(お)互いのフィード ...
4
but can it also be applied to verbs that imply some kind of thinking process other than 思う?
Yes, all of them, I think.
Do these make grammatical sense?
Yes. But I wonder how to say the third one. The translation is weird…
With 感じる、 I think that a better example is
もう死んでいたと感じた
I felt that he was already dead (say, by touching him)
If so, ...
3
This text, even with the context taken into account, does not make much sense. 存分に refers to doing something seriously with one's full might. So it doesn't fit where the homework solves itself without human interventions.
I'd say this is a mistake of "その名に恥じず放置すればするだけ自然と進行してくれればそれは非常に楽だけど"
The previous line from the girl asks the boy to stop studying and ...
3
Instead of だと, it should be broken down into だ(copula) and と(particle).
と here is used as a particle that indicates an uncontrollable event or state will follow after what the particle marks. Sometimes parsed as if but not really accurate since it's not really a conditional. Also can be parsed as when.
日本だと[A] would mean "if/when in Japan, [A] follows as a ...
3
～となる is also limited to nouns, I believe. The way I've heard it most often used is when the thing it becomes kind of fulfills some purpose. Kind of hard to explain. Here's my best example:
私は先生になります - I will become a teacher.
寄付となる金を貯金します - I deposit all money that will be (used for) donated.
Don't know if that helps at all.
2
From what I gather at Chiebukuro, all three are the same, though the one who answered (dendenko123, a master in Japanese category of Chiebukuro) said that と has a slightly formal feeling.
Of course, there are fukushi(副詞)-class adverbs that is so popularly used one way, that usage in the other two is almost unheard of, except in idiomatic usage. For example, ...
2
I've heard that ~となります is popular to use because "it sounds formal",
but actually its usage is incorrect, since です should be used instead.
I'd guess that the same thing happens with になります、which would be
just another form of saying です incorrectly (in this context).
Formalish way : 請求書のお支払いは現金のみとなりますので、ご了承くださいませ。
Correct way : 請求書のお支払いは現金のみですので、ご了承くださいませ。
...
2
(Possibly this was the original context, and you cut it down for the flashcard?
http://ch25oda.kitaguni.tv/e1678763.html )
He is denying "可能性", and 「念頭に全くない」 is quoting the phrasing he used to deny it.
You can think of it as close to:
彼は、可能性について「念頭に全くない」と言って否定した。
"Regarding the possibility, he denied it, saying..."
As opposed to:
...
2
The ーと in this sentence relates two parts as a consequence, but also gives an admonishment: I.e. this character is effectively saying: "You shouldn't sleep in such a place or you will catch a cold, you know!".
(Contrast this with ーば (as in こんなとこで寝れば...）which would just states the fact/opinion plainly: "if you sleep in such a place, you will catch a cold.")
...
2
Yes, they are ambiguous. No, there is no correct interpretation, so far as I can tell. English has the same sorts of problems. Consider:
A saw B as he walked down the boulevard with C.
Who was walking down the boulevard, and who was who walking with? In practice, no English speaker would wittingly use this sentence without an obvious implied ...
2
I expect to see/hear「税率が10パーセントへと下がる」on newspaper or TV news. I'd say「税率が10パーセントに下がる」in normal conversation. (I'm not sure if we say「税率が10パーセントへ下がる」.)
「来年度へと先送りする」「来年度へ先送りする」are what I expect to see/hear on newspaper or TV news. I think I use「来年度に先送りする」in daily conversation, and I wouldn't say 「来年度へと先送りされる」when I talk casually.
To me,「旅客機は東京へと旅立った」sounds ...
1
The former. と can be used to mark questions in 九州方言{きゅうしゅうほうげん} (in this case, she is speaking in 博多弁{はかたべん}, a subdialect). (More technically, it is a 準体助詞{じゅんたいじょし} like の, and shares the nominalization property, which is probably why it can be used to mark questions like that.)
1
と means literally "with"
で means "as"
In your first example "as a family" means the same as "with (the rest of) my family". But "as father" is different from "with my father"...
The difference in nuance is pretty close to English:
今日家族でレストランに行きます。
Today we will go to a restaurant as a family.
今日家族とレストランに行きます。
Today I will go to a restaurant ...
1
Salaam, Not an academic answer, but hope it helps:
日本だと、日本ですと
in english is like "with Japan", or "with the case of Japan", and used to attract attention on the subject matter.
In my opinion, 日本では, is more general or neutral.
Usually it's better to specify what part of the subject is examined
Another usage is with a judgement appended, which implies ...
Only top voted, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible
