[大]{だい}[好]{す}き and [大]{だい}[嫌]{きら}い are somewhat special in that sense. Both 大{だい} and 大{おお} can be used with other words, but usually 大{おお} goes with 訓{くん}読{よ}み words and 大{だい} with 音{おん}読{よ}み words:
[大]{だい}[問]{もん}[題]{だい}
serious problem
大{おお}急{いそ}ぎ
pressing, urgent
One exception would be 大{おお}掃{そう}除{じ}.
Prefixing おお or だい, however, only works for specific words and I don't think there's any rule to determine which words take おお or だい for emphasis. For example, きれい is a na-adjective, but 大きれい (with either reading) doesn't work.
With i-adjectives and na-adjectives you can use other constructions for emphasis. Using すごく adverbially works in almost all situations and with all i-adjectives and all na-adjectives (e.g. すごく[楽]{たの}しい, すごくきれい). There are also many informal/conversational ways (using 超{ちょう}, めっちゃ, すごい, etc.) of saying the same thing. (See this answer.)